Geo­t­ex­tile — the most com­mon geosyn­thet­ic mate­r­i­al used in con­struc­tion to work with soil.

Geo­t­ex­tiles pass water well with­out absorb­ing it. There­fore, it is not sub­ject to decay, the effects of fun­gi and mold, rodents and insects, and the ger­mi­na­tion of roots. Its main func­tion is the sep­a­ra­tion of soils and water fil­tra­tion. It is wide­ly used in road con­struc­tion, house con­struc­tion, drainage sys­tems, land­scap­ing, as well as in the con­struc­tion of land­fills and waste stor­age facil­i­ties. With the use of geo­t­ex­tiles, the ser­vice life of the pave­ment is sig­nif­i­cant­ly increased and main­te­nance costs are reduced.

There are two main types of geo­t­ex­tiles:

• Woven geo­t­ex­tile

• Non Woven Geo­t­ex­tile

Non-woven geo­t­ex­tile, in turn, is divid­ed into:

• Nee­dle punched geo­t­ex­tile (or else Dor­nit)

• Ther­mal­ly bond­ed geo­t­ex­tile

Below we will con­sid­er each of the types and sub­species of geo­t­ex­tiles in more detail.

Woven geo­t­ex­tile

It is made by means of a rec­tan­gu­lar weave of sev­er­al threads and includes fibers whose direc­tions are mutu­al­ly per­pen­dic­u­lar to each oth­er. The mate­r­i­al is char­ac­ter­ized by good water per­me­abil­i­ty and ten­sile strength, and also has a high ini­tial lev­el of defor­ma­tion. Because of these prop­er­ties, it is most often used for rein­forc­ing foun­da­tions and in the con­struc­tion of retain­ing walls.

Nee­dle punched geo­t­ex­tile

This is a non-woven mate­r­i­al, which is a poly­ester or polypropy­lene fab­ric, con­sist­ing of fibers fas­tened with a nee­dle-punched method. Nee­dle-punched geo­t­ex­tile owes its “nick­name” to Dor­nit to the DorNII Insti­tute, whose spe­cial­ists in the late 70s and ear­ly 80s were devel­op­ing a method for man­u­fac­tur­ing non-woven fab­ric based on French tech­nol­o­gy.

Tech­ni­cal char­ac­ter­is­tics of the nee­dle punch:

Dor­nit works well with soils con­tain­ing fine par­ti­cles such as sand. Due to the elas­tic­i­ty of the pores, nee­dle-punched geo­t­ex­tiles can let a fine par­ti­cle through, allow­ing it to linger in the next lay­er of nee­dle-punched geo­t­ex­tiles, or allow water to bypass a clogged pore due to elas­tic­i­ty. Due to this, dor­nit is more suit­able for road sur­faces than the same ther­mal­ly bond­ed geo­t­ex­tile, although the lat­ter is used quite often in this area.

You can buy Dor­nit geo­t­ex­tiles in St. Peters­burg and oth­er cities of Rus­sia for a very afford­able price in online stores and con­struc­tion hyper­mar­kets.

Ther­mal­ly bond­ed geo­t­ex­tile

A non-woven poly­ester or polypropy­lene mate­r­i­al whose fibers are heat treat­ed and bond­ed. In the pro­duc­tion process of ther­mal­ly bond­ed geo­t­ex­tiles, addi­tives are includ­ed in the feed­stock, due to which the light resis­tance of the fin­ished mate­r­i­al is increased. This geo­t­ex­tile is wide­ly used in under­ground and road con­struc­tion. It has a homo­ge­neous struc­ture, has a high mod­u­lus of elas­tic­i­ty, sig­nif­i­cant elon­ga­tion to break, excel­lent water per­me­abil­i­ty, and is resis­tant to chem­i­cal com­pounds, acids and alka­lis. How­ev­er, small soil par­ti­cles can get stuck in its struc­ture, due to which the ser­vice life is reduced.

The den­si­ty of ther­mal­ly bond­ed geo­t­ex­tiles can vary from 80 to 1200g/m2. It usu­al­ly depends on the man­u­fac­tur­er. It comes in small rolls and is light in weight, mak­ing it easy to trans­port. Geo­t­ex­tile rolls can be eas­i­ly sawn with a chain or hand saw.

Source: TopClimat.ru